Predictors and predictive scales of malignant brain edema in patients with acute ischemic stroke / 国际脑血管病杂志

Malignant cerebral edema (MCE) can lead to deterioration of neurological function in patients with acute ischemic stroke, and significantly increase the mortality and disability rate. Therefore, early detection and intervention of MCE is crucial for saving patients' lives. This article reviews the predictors and preventive scales of MCE after acute ischemic stroke.

Severe Streptococcus pneumoniae-associated red blood cell T-polyagglutination and plasma exchange strategy / 中国输血杂志

【Objective】 To identify and propose blood transfusion suggestions for 3 children suspected to have red blood cell T polyagglutination. 【Methods】 According to the RBC reactions with phytohemagglutinin, adult serum and cord blood serum, aggregation test with polybrene reagent and MN antigen phenotype test were carried out on 3 children to confirm the presence of T polyagglutination. The donor serum with negative or weak reactions was selected by minor cross matching for the 3 children who needed therapeutic plasma exchange(TPE). 【Results】 Three cases of RBC T polyagglutination were caused by bacterial infection, with transient appearance of MN antigen; the samples were reactive to peanut agglutinin, soybean agglutinin, adult serum but nonreactive to cord blood serum, and didn′t aggregate after adding polybrene reagent. After receiving timely TPE, the T polyagglutination gradually disappeared. 【Conclusion】 Some bacteria, such as Streptococcus pneumoniae, may cause polyagglutination of red blood cells. The patients with suspected T polyagglutination should be diagnosed in time. For T polyagglutination patients, the minor matched plasma should be used for avoiding the random plasma with anti-T antibody transfusion.

Clinical analysis of extremely premature infants and extremely low birth weight infants / 中华实用儿科临床杂志

Objective:To analyze the complications and outcomes during the hospitalization of extremely premature infants (EPI) and extremely low birth weight infants (ELBWI).Methods:Clinical data of 168 cases of EPI and ELBWI admitted to 4 hospitals of grade three in Shaanxi Province between January 1, 2015 and December 31, 2017 were retrospectively analyzed.The information of general data, prenatal care, complications and outcomes were summarized.Outcomes of different groups were compared according to birth weight and gestational age.Results:A total of 168 cases of EPI and ELBWI were collected.The rate of delivery in tertiary hospitals was 86.9% (146/165 cases), 86 patients (57.7%) received prenatal Dexamethasone.The mean gestational age was (27.9±1.7) weeks, and the mean birth weight was (951.6±148.9) g. The highest rates of pregnancy complications included gestational hypertension (44/149 cases, 29.5%), premature rupture of membranes (43/149 cases, 28.9%) and gestational diabetes (16/149 cases, 10.7%). The first three neonatal complications were neonatal respiratory distress syndrome (16/168 cases, 95.2%), bronchopulmonary dysplasia (73/110 cases, 66.4%) and retinopathy of prematurity (65/110 cases, 59.1%). The survival rate of EP and ELBWI in 168 cases was 61.9% (104/168 cases), the abandonment rate was 27.4% (46/168 cases), and the mortality in hospital was 10.7% (18/168 cases). According to birth weight and gestational age, there were no statistically significant differences in survival, abandonment and hospital mortality among different birth weight groups( χ2=4.361, 5.104, 1.630, all P>0.05), while there were statistically significant differences in survival, abandonment and hospital mortality among different gestational age groups( χ2=21.650, 8.164, 13.490, all P<0.05). Conclusions:There are many complications of EPI and ELBWI and the outcomes are closely related to the gestational age of birth.Improving the perinatal management level and the professional diagnosis and treatment level of neonatology are helpful to improve the survival rate and prognosis.

Interpretation of the 2019 European Consensus Guidelines on the Management of Neonatal Respiratory Distress Syndrome / 中华实用儿科临床杂志

Respiratory distress syndrome(RDS) remains a significant problem for preterm babies, although management has evolved gradually over the years.Since 2006, neonatal experts from many European countries have reviewed the latest literature every 3 years to reach consensus on the prevention and treatment of premature infants at risk of RDS or RDS, aiming at improving neonatal prognosis in Europe.The guidelines update the previous for guidelines after critical examination of the most recent evidence available in late 2018.

Investigation on epidemiology of nosocomial sepsis of premature infants with gestational age less than 34 weeks in Shaanxi province: a multicenter study / 中华实用儿科临床杂志

Objective@#To investigate the epidemiological data of nosocomial sepsis of premature infants with gestational age less than 34 weeks and the distribution characteristics of pathogenic bacteria in Shaanxi province.@*Methods@#A retrospective analysis of clinical data of premature infants born with gestational age < 34 weeks born between January 1 and December 30, 2018 in Neonatal Intensive Care Units(NICU) in 4 Grade A Class Three hospitals in Shaanxi province was performed.The high risk factors and pathogenic bacteria were analyzed by using chi-square test and t test for statistical analysis.@*Results@#Totally 823 infants were included in this study, among whom, 73 patients developed nosocomial sepsis, and the incidence was 8.9%.The mean gestational age of the 73 patients with nosocomial sepsis was (30.6±2.2) weeks and mean birth weight was (1 320.3±450.5) g. The rate of invasive ventilator was 23.4%(52/222 cases). The rate of peripherally inserted central catheter (PICC) was 20.1% (61/303 cases). The rate of early antibiotic use was 8.1% (39/481 cases) and breast feeding rate was 9.3% (63/675 cases). The rate of PICC and ventilator use were statistically different between the non-infection group and the infection group(all P<0.05). There were 31 strains of pathogenic bacteria, among which gram-negative bacilli was the most common (22 strains, 70.9%), which mainly were klebsiella pneumoniae strains (15 strains, 48.4%), and 6 strains(19.4%) of Fungus was detected.@*Conclusions@#The incidence of nosocomial sepsis in NICU in Shaanxi province is higher, gram-negative bacilli was the most common pathogenic bacteria, among which, klebsiella pneumoniae was main, it is necessary to strengthen the regular monitoring and analysis of nosocomial infection in NICU in order to reduce the incidence of nosocomial infection and sepsis.

Investigation on epidemiology of nosocomial sepsis of premature infants with gestational age less than 34 weeks in Shaanxi province:a multicenter study / 中华实用儿科临床杂志

Objective To investigate the epidemiological data of nosocomial sepsis of premature infants with gestational age less than 34 weeks and the distribution characteristics of pathogenic bacteria in Shaanxi province.Methods A retrospective analysis of clinical data of premature infants born with gestational age ＜ 34 weeks born between January 1 and December 30,2018 in Neonatal Intensive Care Units(NICU) in 4 Grade A Class Three hospitals in Shaanxi province was performed.The high risk factors and pathogenic bacteria were analyzed by using chi-square test and t test for statistical analysis.Results Totally 823 infants were included in this study,among whom,73 patients developed nosocomial sepsis,and the incidence was 8.9％.The mean gestational age of the 73 patients with nosocomial sepsis was (30.6 ± 2.2) weeks and mean birth weight was (1 320.3 ± 450.5) g.The rate of invasive ventilator was 23.4％ (52/222 cases).The rate of peripherally inserted central catheter (PICC) was 20.1％ (61/303 cases).The rate of early antibiotic use was 8.1％ (39/481 cases) and breast feeding rate was 9.3％ (63/675 cases).The rate of PICC and ventilator use were statistically different between the non-infection group and the infection group (all P ＜0.05).There were 31 strains of pathogenic bacteria,among which gram-negative bacilli was the most common (22 strains,70.9％),which mainly were klebsiella pneumoniae strains (15 strains,48.4％),and 6 strains (19.4％) of Fungus was detected.Conclusions The incidence of nosocomial sepsis in NICU in Shaanxi province is higher,gram-negative bacilli was the most common pathogenic bacteria,among which,klebsiella pneumoniae was main,it is necessary to strengthen the regular monitoring and analysis of nosocomial infection in NICU in order to reduce the incidence of nosocomial infection and sepsis.

Impact of hypertensive disorder complicating pregnancy on neonatal mortality and major complications in preterm infants / 中华实用儿科临床杂志

Objective@#To investigate the effect of hypertensive disorder complicating pregnancy (HDCP) on the mortality and early complications of premature infants.@*Methods@#The general clinical data of preterm infants with gestational age 24-36+ 6 weeks were collected from the cooperative units in the task group from January 1, 2013 to December 31, 2014.According to the severity of HDCP, the infants were divided into 4 groups: HDCP group, preeclampsia group, eclampsia group and non HDCP group, the mortality and major complications of preterm infants were compared, and the influencing factors were analyzed.@*Results@#The mortality rate of preterm in the HDCP group was significantly higher than that of non HDCP group, and there was statistical significance (χ2=9.970, P=0.019). Eclampsia had a highest fatality rate (4.8%) in the early stage, compared with non HDCP group (2.2%), and the difference was statistically significant.Comparison of HDCP group (1.8%) and eclampsia group (3.2%) suggested that there was no statistically significant difference.The incidence of respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) in preterm in HDCP group was significantly higher than that of non HDCP group, and there was statistical significance (χ2=13.241, P=0.004). Eclampsia group showed the highest incidence (35.4%), compared with non HDCP group (16.2%), the difference was statistically significant, but compared with HDCP group (19.9%), preeclampsia group (17.1%), there was no significant diffe-rence.The incidence of bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) in preterm in HDCP group was significantly higher than that of non HDCP group (χ2=9.592, P=0.022), the highest incidence showed up in eclampsia group (9.7%), compared with non HDCP group (2.0%) and HDCP group (1.7%), the difference was statistically significant.But there was no statistically significant difference, compared with preeclampsia group.As the degree of HDCP aggravated, the incidence of BPD gradually rose.There was no significant impact on necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC), retinopathy of prematurity (ROP), intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH) and sepsis of HDCP (χ2=7.054, 7.214, 0.358, 3.852; P=0.070, 0.065, 0.949, 0.278). Considering the overall outcome of the child, that was, whether the child died or survived, he had at least one complication, and HDCP had an effect on it (χ2=15.697, P=0.001), so the incidence increased while the degree of HDCP rose gradually.After adjusting gestational age, birth weight, sex, way of delivery, placental abruption and front placenta, prenatal hormonal, gestational diabetes, neonatal asphyxia and other factors, the results displayed that HDCP was the factor leading to the death of premature baby (OR=2.159, 95%CI: 1.093-4.266), and comparison between preeclampsia and eclampsia showed no statistical difference (P=0.714, 0.389); HDCP had no significant influence on RDS, BDP, ICH, NEC, ROP and sepsis.@*Conclusions@#HDCP leads to increased risk of premature death, but also leads to the increased incidence of RDS and BPD, but it had no obvious effect on NEC, ROP, IVH, sepsis and other complications.

Dynamic changes and influencing factors of leukocyte and platelet count in preterm infants / 中华围产医学杂志

Objective To investigate the dynamic changes and influencing factors of peripheral blood white blood cells (WBC), differential counts (DCs) and platelet (PLT) count in preterm infants to understand the changing characteristics of these blood parameters in preterm infants of different postnatal age, gestational age, and birth weight.Methods Totally 2 849 preterm infants admitted to the Department of Neonatology of Northwest Women's and Children's Hospital from November 30, 2011 to November 30, 2014 were retrospectively analyzed except for those diagnosed with infectious diseases, hematological system diseases, or immunologic diseases.All of the subjects were divided into seven groups based on their postnatal age, three groups based on gestational age and three groups based on birth weight, or male and female groups, respectively.Peripheral blood samples were obtained for determination of WBC, DCs and PLT.Statistical analysis was performed with oneway analysis of variance, t-test and Spearman linear correlation analysis.Results WBC, neutrophil (Ne), lymphocyte (Ly), monocyte (Mo), eosinophil (Eo), basophil (Ba) and PLT counts were significantly different among the seven groups of preterm babies of different postnatal age (F=172.00, 364.90, 34.88, 14.22, 80.82, 168.10 and 86.64, respectively, all P ＜ 0.01).WBC was found to be at the peak value within one day after birth [(18.40±6.87)× 109/L], followed by remarkable decrease in day ＞ 2-≤ 5 [(10.62±4.68)× 109/L], further gradual decrease thereafter, and then being stable in day ＞ 14-≤ 21 and ＞ 21 ≤≤ 30 [(10.54±3.09)× 109/L and (10.27 ± 3.70) × 109/L, respectively].PLT counts showed no significant change within one day after birth and in day ＞ 1-≤ 2 [(240.56± 63.54)× 109/L and (240.85 ± 71.47) × 109/L, respectively], then began to increase in day ＞ 2-≤ 5 [(249.21 ±80.55)× 109/L], peaked in day ＞ 7-≤ 14 [(339.11 ± 121.84)× 109/L], and decreased gently and became stable finally.The changing trends of Ne and Ly were cross and inverted in day ＞ 5-≤ 7.WBC, Ne, Ly, Mo, Eo, Ba and PLT counts of the preterm infants were all correlated with the postnatal age shown by Spearman linear correlation analysis (r=-0.46,-0.60, 0.18,-0.07, 0.33,-0.47 and 0.29, respectively, all P ＜ 0.01).With the increase of gestational age, WBC, Ne, Mo, and PLT counts increased, but Ly and Eo counts decreased.And all of the above showed significant difference (F=81.00, 124.49, 13.34, 18.35, 5.35 and 4.11, respectively, all P ＜ 0.05).While, the WBC, Ne, Mo, Ba and PLT counts showed positive relationship with the increase of birth weight (F=122.12, 133.09, 39.38, 13.77 and 21.24, respectively, all P ＜ 0.05).WBC, Ne and PLT counts of female infants were higher than those of male babies (t=l 6.35, 16.72 and 13.19, respectively, all P ＜ 0.05).Conclusions The peripheral WBC, DCs and PLT counts of preterm infants change dynamically with postnatal age with the remarkable variations on day ＞2-≤ 5 after birth and stable after 14 days of age.WBC, DCs and PLT counts might all be influenced by gestational age, birth weight and gender to some cxtend.

µ-opioid receptors in the central nucleus of the amygdala modulate sucrose solution intake in rats / 南方医科大学学报

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To explore the role of µ-opioid receptors (MOR) in the central nucleus of the amygdala (CeA) in modulating sucrose solution intake in rats.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Sprague-Dawley rats received intra-CeA injection of MOR agonist DAMGO or saline, and then underwent two bottle choice test between sucrose solution and distilled water. After intake of sucrose solution or distilled water, activated neurons in the CeA were labeled and identified with MOR/Fos-double labeling immunohistochemistry.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Compared with saline injection, intra-CeA injection of DAMGO significantly increased sucrose solution intake in rats over a 3-h period. Sucrose solution intake induced significantly more c-Fos and MOR/Fos double-labeled neurons in the CeA than distilled water intake.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>The CeA participates in modulation of sucrose intake in rats, and MOR may partly mediate this mechanism.</p>

Microinjection of NMDA-type glutamate receptor agonist NMDA and antagonist D-AP-5 into the central nucleus of the amygdale alters water intake rather than food intake / 南方医科大学学报

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the role of N-Methyl-D-aspartic acid (NMDA)-type glutamate receptors in the central nucleus of the amygdale (CeA) in food and water intake.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Male Sprague-Dawley rats with stainless steel cannulae implanted unilaterally into the CeA were used. The prototypic NMDA receptor agonist NMDA, or the selective NMDA receptor antagonist D(-)-2-amino-5-phosphonopentanoic acid (D-AP-5) was microinjected into the CeA of satiated and euhydrated rats.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Intra-CeA injection of 8.50, 17.00, or 34.00 nmol NMDA did not alter food intake but significantly increased water intake 0-1 h after the injection (F(3,32)=3.191, P=0.037) independent of food intake. Without affecting the food intake, injection of 6.34, 12.70, or 25.40 nmol D-AP-5 into the CeA significantly decreased water intake 0-1 h after the injection (F(3,28)=3.118, P=0.042) independent of food intake.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>NMDA receptors in the CeA may participate in the control of water intake rather than food intake.</p>

High fat diet induces obesity and alters the expression of MCHR1 and OB-Rb in the adipose tissue / 中南大学学报(医学版)

OBJECTIVE@#To investigate the effect of high-fat (HF) diet on the body weight and the mRNA expression of melanin concentrating hormone receptor 1 (MCHR1) and leptin receptor (OB-Rb) in the adipose tissue in rats, the two important and opposite factors in regulating the body weight.@*METHODS@#Post-weaning rats were divided into 3 groups: the NC group were fed a normal-chow diet (NC) (13% calories from fat), the HF group with a HF-diet (47% calories from fat) and the PHF group pair-fed a HF-diet (47% calories from fat). At the end of 8th week, the gained bodyweight, the plasma melanin concentrating hormone (MCH) and leptin, and the expression levels of MCHR1 and OB-Rb in the adipose tissue were measured.@*RESULTS@#Both the HF-diet and pair-fed HF-diet enhanced the body weight (P0.05).@*CONCLUSION@#Chronic intake of iso-caloric HF-diet and ad libitum HF-diet obviously results in increase in the body weight, serum leptin, and MCH concentration. Diet-induced obesity and related metabolic disorders are possibly correlated with up-regulated expression of MCHR1 and down-regulated expression of OB-Rb in the adipose tissue.

Effects of Ganmaidazao Decoction,Sinisan and Sijunzi Decoction on endogenous nerve growth factor of rat with chronic stress / 中华行为医学与脑科学杂志

Objective To investigate the effects of Ganmaidazao Decoction (GMDZD), Sinisan(SNS) and Sijunzi Decoction (SJZD) recipe on endogenous nerve growth factor (NGF) of rat with chronic stress.Methods In order to establish the rat models with chronic stress, the feet of animals were stimulated with a pat-tern of electrical impulses (long term, high voltage and constant current). The alterations of behavior of animals were observed and quantified by open-field and tail-suspension test. Levels of NGF in pitttitary,hypetholamus and blood plasma were quantified using radio-immunoassay (RIA) method. Results 1) In comparision with the wild-type (WT) control rats, locomotor activity decreased significantly in the models and groups treated by Chinese medicinal herbs (P<0.01). In addition,the Chinese medicinal herbs treated groups exhibited increased locomotor activity than the model groups (P<0.01). 2) The cross time of the model groups decreased significantly compared with the WT controls (P < 0. 01). Meanwhile, three Chinese medicinal herbs treated groups displayed longer cross time than the model groups (P< 0. 01). 3)The vertical movement times of the model groups decreased significantly compared with the WT controls (P < 0.01). Meanwhile, three Chinese medicinal herbs treated groups displayed in-creased vertical movement times than the model groups (P <0.05). 4)In the tail-suspension test, the duration of immobility increased significantly in the model groups compared with the WT controls (P < 0. 01). However, the duration of immobility of three Chinese medicinal herbs treated groups were less than the model groups (P < 0.01). 5) Compared to the model groups,the level of NGF in pituitary of animals treated by GMDZD and SNS in-creased significantly (P<0.01). In the hypothalamus,the level of NGF in SJZD treated groups decreased in com-parision with the WT control and model groups (P<0.05). Whereas, GMDZD and SNS treated groups decreased significantly than WT control and model groups (P<0.01). In the blood plasma,the level of NGF showed a signif-icant reduction in the model groups compared with the WT control. Conclusion The results suggest that the GM-DZD,SNS and SJZD recipe have positive effects on rat with chronic stress through regulating the level of endogenous NGF.

The postburn change in hypothalamic paraventricular beta-endorphin and the roles of delta-receptor in scalded rats / 中华烧伤杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the postburn change in hypothalamic paraventricular beta-endorphin and the roles of delta-receptor in scalded rats.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Male Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were randomly divided into 3 groups, i.e. ICI174864, DPDPE and control groups. The rats were inflicted with 20% TBSA of III degree scalding on the back by boiling (100 degrees ) water. The postburn change in the tissue content of the hypothalamic paraventricular beta-endorphin was determined by radioimmuno assay (RIA). The effects of delta-receptor in scalded shock rats were investigated by observing the change of the rats'survival time and cardiac indices after the micro-injection of delta-receptor agonist DPDPE or antagonist ICI174864 into the hypothalamic paraventricle.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>(1) The tissue content of the hypothalamic paraventricular beta-endorphin increased significantly (P < 0.01) at 1, 2 and 4 postburn hours (PBHs) in the scalded rats. (2) When compared with that of control group, the ratio of the cardiovascular parameters [mean arterial pressure (MAP), dp/dt(max) and HR] were obviously increased at different time points in rats with pre-injection of ICI174864 whereas the ratio was decreased when DPDPE was used. Nevertheless, the change in the heart rate ratio was not obvious whether ICI174864 or DPDPE was used. (3) The average animal survival time in ICI174864 group was much longer than that in DPDPE group.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>An excessive increase in hypothalamic paraventricular beta-endorphin was one of the factors leading to the aggravation of burn shock and earlier death. delta-receptor located in the tissue might have played important roles in the mediation of the action of hypothalamic paraventricular beta-endorphin. It is beneficial to antagonize the action of delta-receptor for the correction of burn shock and for the prolongation of the of life of animals.</p>

Comparison of immune effects between hepatitis B-BCG combined vaccine and hepatitis B vaccine / 中国免疫学杂志

Objective:To compare immune effects of hepatitis B-BCG combined vaccine and hepatitis B vaccine.Methods:The vaccines were administered to the guinea pig at 0, 1, 2 months. The tests were divided into three parts. The immune effects were compared in three kinds of the combined vaccine and hepatitis B vaccine(Part One), in three lots of the combined vaccine and hepatitis B vaccine(Part Two), in the group of combined vaccine and the group of hepatitis B vaccine and BCG(Part Three). After 1 month of each vaccine dose, serum specimens were measured for anti-HBs by ELISA.Results:The several studies have documented the serum anti-HBs concentritious in the group of combined vaccine in first dose were lower than those of the group of control, and the data showed no significantly difference. However, anti-HBs levels of the combined vaccine group in second vaccine dose and third vaccine dose were higher than those of the control group, and this difference was no longer statistically significant in group of combined vaccine and control, and among groups of combined vaccine.Conclusion:The immune efficacy of HBsAg in group of combined vaccine is similar to the group of hepatitis B vaccine in three doses immunization schedules.

Curative Mechanism of Jieyuan Capsule on Rats Renal Failure Induced by 5/6 Nephrectomy / 中药新药与临床药理

Objective To explore the curative mechanism of Jieyuan (JY) Capsule on rats renal failure induced by 5/ 6 nephrectomy. Methods Chronic renal failure (CRF) rat models induced by 5/6 nephrectomy were administered with JY Capsule. The serum levels of blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and serum creatinine (Scr),hematological and biochemical indexes,and renal histological features were observed. Results JY Capsule reduced levels of BUN and Scr,ameliorated the electrolyte,increased the number of red blood cell and hemoglobin content,and alleviated pathological changes of the kidney tissue. Conclusion JY Capsule can relieve the rat CRF symptoms and postpone the progress of CRF.

Changes of galanin level in different brain areas and effects of fluoxetine hydrochloride on it in depressed rats / 第二军医大学学报

Objective:To elucidate the possible role of galanin in the development of experimental depression in rats. Methods:Openfield was performed to test the behavior of rats. The changes of the galanin level in different brain areas were determined by RIA. The effect of fluoxetine hydrochloride on galanin level were observed by intraperitoneal injection. Results:Compared to control group, the crossing times and rearing times decreased significantly in depressed rats, galanin level decreased remarkably in plasma, hypothalamus, hippocampus, forebrain, parietal lobe and temporal cortex of depressed rats. Intraperitoneal injection of fluoxetine hydrochloride obviously improved the depressed behavior in rats, increased the galanin level in the hippocampus and forebrain of depressed rats. Conclusion:Hippocampus and forebrain may be involved in the development of experimental depression and in the antidepressive effects of fluoxetine hydrochloride.

Effect of Stress on the Contents of Oxytocin, Arg-vasopressin and ?-endorphin in Hypothalamus, Pituitary and Plasma in Rats / 第二军医大学学报

The contents of ir-oxytocin (it-OT), ir-Arg-yasopressin (ir-AVP) and ir-?-endorphin (ir-?-EP) in hypothalamus, pituitary and plasma were measured by. radioimmunoassay (RIA) when the rats were swimming. It was showed that the ir-OT contents in hypothalamus, pituitary and plasma were significantly increased in the animals having swum 1, 5, 15 and 20min (P

Effects of Acute Brain Injury on the Contents of Neurotensin in Brain Areas, Pituitary Gland and Plasma in Rats / 第二军医大学学报

The changes of immunoreactive neurotensin (ir-NT) contents in the brain areas, pituitary gland and plasma in the trautized rats were observed by radioimmunoassay. The results showed the significant changes of the ir-NT contents in the hypothalamus, pituitary gland, plasma, injured tissue, hippocampus, central gray and spinal cord in the posttraumatic rats at different intervals. A predominant characterization of the change of ir-NT levels in the brain areas, pituitary gland and plasma, was the dramatical decrease at various times except for the hypothalamus, central gray, and hippocampus with biphasic alterations. The ir-NT contents in the frontal cortex, pons and medulla also displayed changes to different extent under the acute craniocerebral trauma condition These results suggest that NT may play a role in the pathophysiology of traumatic injury.

HISTOLOGICAL AND HISTOCHEMICAL STUDIES OF DEVELOPING TRANSITIONAL EPITHELIUM OF RAT URETER AND URINARY BLADDER / 解剖学报

The development of transitional epithelium of ureter and urinary bladder in the rats from prenatal 15 days old to postnatal 4 weeks old was studied by histological and histochemical methods. During the development, RNA and glycogen contents are increased at first and then decreased. The activity of SDH,AcP and AlP increased gradually and ATPase reaction was negative. These parameters tended to be stable from the postnatal 3rd week, it meants that the epithelium tend to maturation. On the prenatal 15th day there were some significant differences between the epithelium of the two organs, however thereafter they gradually become identical and they showed the same type of epithelium, i.e. transitional epithelium at maturation. This means that they reached the same goal by different routes. In addition, on the prenatal 15th day the epithelium of urinary bladder stratified in most portions, some of the superficial cells degenerate. Hence it deduced that the epithelium of urinary bladder undergo primitive stratification firstly, nad then cell degeneration happens, and evolve into trasitional form ultimately. Meanwhile, We presume that in certain extent, the development of the epithelium of the two organs, including cell temporary degeneration, in addition to the action of embryonic induction, probably related to the content of urinary tract also.